Emile Mathieu (1835-1890) “Memoire sur le mouvement vibratoire d'une membrane de forme elliptique”, in Comptes Rendus..., 1868, volume 66, no. 11, pp 530-532 in he weekly issue of pp 509-564, 16 March 1868). Offered in the original weekly issue, detached from a larger bound volume, with no backstrip cover. That said, this issue does have the scarce wrappers. $200
"In all his work Mathieu built principally on solution methods introduced by Fourier and problems investigated by Poisson, Cauchy, and Lamé. The best-known of his achievements, directly linked with his name, are the “Mathieu functions,” which arise in solving the two-dimensional wave equation for the motion of an elliptic membrane..."--Mathieu, Émile Léonard." Complete Dictionary of Scientific Biography, vol. 9, Charles Scribner's Sons, 2008, pp. 174-175.
Also published as "Mémoire sur le mouvement vibratoire d'une membrane de forme elliptique."in J. math. pure appl. 13, 137-203, 1868—from where I sit though I cannot determine priority between the two.
“...Mathieu's...research on the vibrations of an elliptic membrane lead to his introduction of ellipitcal cylindrical coordinates and a set of functions appropriate to them later termed “Mathieu functions”.--C. Parkinson. Breakthroughs, p.371.
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