TOLMAN, Richad C. "On the Problem of the Entropy of the Universe as a Whole", in the Physical Review, volume 37 #12, 15 June 1931, pp 1639-1660. In the original printed wrappers, a Very Good copy. $225
"A cyclic model is any of several cosmological models in which the universe follows infinite, self-sustaining cycles. For example, the oscillating universe theory briefly considered by Albert Einstein in 1930 theorized a universe following an eternal series of oscillations, each beginning with a big bang and ending with a big crunch; in the interim, the universe would expand for a period of time before the gravitational attraction of matter causes it to collapse back in and undergo a bounce."
"In the 1920s, theoretical physicists, most notably Albert Einstein, considered the possibility of a cyclic model for the universe as an (everlasting) alternative to the model of an expanding universe. However, work by Richard C. Tolman in 1934 showed that these early attempts failed because of the cyclic problem: according to the Second Law of Thermodynamics, entropy can only increase..."--"Cyclic Model", wiki.
Abstract: “The well-known problem of the entropy of the universe as a whole arises from the difficulties encountered by classical thermodynamics—first in failing to account for the presumed fact that the entropy of the universe has always been increasing at an enormous rate and nevertheless has not yet reached its maximum value—and second in failing to allow an emotionally satisfactory feeling towards our universe whose ultimate fate would be the stagnation of "heat-death." The purpose of the present article is to examine this problem from the point of view of the extension of thermodynamics to general relativity which has previously been made by the author.”--ResearchGate
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